Paper wasps are one of the most frequently encountered stinging insects around Idaho homes, especially during late spring and summer. They receive their name from the papery material they create by chewing wood fibers and mixing them with saliva to build umbrella shaped nests. While they are not typically aggressive, paper wasps will defend their nest if they feel threatened, which can lead to painful stings.
Understanding their behavior, nesting habits, and what attracts them to homes in the Treasure Valley can help homeowners prevent issues before nests grow large or become hazardous.
What Is a Paper Wasp
Paper wasps are social wasps that belong to the genus Polistes. In Idaho, the two most common species include:
- European Paper Wasp, Polistes dominula, which is increasingly common in Idaho and more defensive around nests
- Northern Paper Wasp, Polistes fuscatus, which is a native species and less defensive but still capable of stinging
Paper wasps build open umbrella shaped nests with visible hexagonal cells. These nests are not enclosed like those of yellowjackets. A single queen begins the nest in spring, and workers help expand it throughout the warm months.
Paper wasps benefit the environment by feeding on caterpillars and other insects, but their proximity to homes often leads to unwanted encounters.
How to Identify Paper Wasps
Paper wasps have several distinguishing features, including:
- A long and slender body
- A narrow waist that connects the thorax and abdomen
- Wings that fold lengthwise when at rest
- Long legs that hang during flight
- Colors that range from yellow and black to brown and red, depending on species
- A size that is usually between three quarters of an inch and one inch
In Idaho, Polistes dominula is especially recognizable because of its bright yellow and black pattern that resembles a yellowjacket, although its shape is more slender and elongated.
Where Do Paper Wasps Live
Paper wasps prefer sheltered and elevated areas for nest building. Around Idaho homes, they commonly nest in:
- Eaves and overhangs
- Porch ceilings
- Attic vents
- Outdoor light fixtures
- Deck and patio structures
- Sheds, barns, and garages
- Undisturbed outdoor furniture
Nests begin small in early spring but can grow rapidly through summer. Colonies do not reuse their nests from year to year. Queens overwinter in protected sites such as wall voids, wood piles, or sheltered cracks and begin new nests each spring.
Do Paper Wasps Sting
Yes, paper wasps can sting. Their sting is painful and can cause swelling or discomfort. They are less aggressive than yellowjackets but will defend their nest quickly if disturbed.
Important facts:
- Only female wasps sting
- Paper wasps do not bite humans for food
- They sting strictly for defense
- Stings can cause swelling, redness, itching, or allergic reactions in rare cases
If stung:
- Wash the area with soap and water
- Apply a cold pack
- Use pain relievers if needed
- Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen or an allergic reaction occurs
How to Prevent Paper Wasps Around Your Home
Prevention is the most effective strategy. Homeowners can reduce wasp activity by:
- Inspecting eaves, soffits, and outdoor structures in early spring
- Removing small starter nests before they develop
- Sealing cracks and gaps where queens may overwinter
- Reducing clutter in outdoor areas
- Cleaning up outdoor eating and cooking areas to reduce prey insects
- Keeping outdoor furniture and storage items in motion to discourage nesting
Regular seasonal checks are especially helpful in preventing nests from developing in hard to reach areas.
How to Safely Remove Paper Wasps
Because paper wasps defend their nests, removal should be handled with caution.
Removing Very Small Nests in Spring
When the nest is tiny and only the queen is present, homeowners may remove it safely by:
- Treating the nest at dawn or dusk
- Wearing protective clothing
- Ensuring the wasp is inactive before knocking the nest down
Avoid Removing Larger Nests
Large nests with multiple workers are dangerous to disturb. Avoid:
- Spraying water
- Swatting at wasps
- Removing nests during the daytime
When to Call a Professional
Professional removal is strongly recommended when:
- The nest is near an entryway
- The nest is in a high traffic area
- A family member has a sting allergy
- The nest is large or hard to access
Pestcom Pest Management provides safe and effective wasp removal for homes throughout Boise, Meridian, Nampa, Eagle, Caldwell, and the surrounding Treasure Valley.